Research Article
Design of a Cylindrical Fixed Dome Biodigester from Hawassa University Senior Cafe food Waste for Cooking Purposes
Getahun Esubalew Demewoz*,
Asnake Helia Tiruneh
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
1-8
Received:
16 December 2023
Accepted:
3 January 2024
Published:
5 February 2024
Abstract: Global warming is one of the most dangerous threats that the entire world is facing today. The emission of greenhouse gases is increasing the impact of global warming. In such a situation, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and finding an alternative source of energy is more and more important. The production of biogas from food wastes is considered a suitable way for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Biogas could provide a more sustainable energy source than wood fuels for rural households in sub-Saharan Africa. Food waste is increasingly becoming a major problem in universities imposing serious environmental impact. Conversion of the food waste using anaerobic digestion (a series of biological processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen.) to biogas energy is the best option for the management of food waste and for replacement of traditional fuel used (coal) which has been employed for cooking and heating application. In addition, the slurry produced from the process provides digestate which is a source of fertilizer. This paper investigates the potential of food waste left over in the Hawassa University cafeteria to produce biogas.12.75 m3 per day of biogas from 255 kilograms of food waste per day was produced by 1200 number of students. A fixed dome cylindrical Chinese biogas having a digester volume of 20.3148 cubic meters (m³) with a retention time of 60 days and the diameter (d) and height (h) of the mixing pit are equal, which is 0.76 meters was required for the biogas production. Anaerobic Digestion is a biological process that takes place naturally when microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. In an enclosed chamber, controlled anaerobic digestion of organic matter produces biogas which is predominantly methane. Besides, food waste is increasingly becoming a major problem in every society imposing serious economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, many contemporary researchers are emphasizing finding sustainable solutions to recycle and produce energy from such waste. In this context, this paper aims to study and optimize the production of biogas from food waste by designing a fixed dome digester.
Abstract: Global warming is one of the most dangerous threats that the entire world is facing today. The emission of greenhouse gases is increasing the impact of global warming. In such a situation, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and finding an alternative source of energy is more and more important. The production of biogas from food wastes is consid...
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Research Article
Optimizing Industrial Effluent Flue Gas as Source of Energy for Charcoal Production
Tsiye Tekleyohanis*,
Abebayehu Tekleye
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
9-19
Received:
26 February 2024
Accepted:
15 March 2024
Published:
11 April 2024
Abstract: This research suggests a unique way to produce charcoal utilizing industrial flue gas as an energy source. The process entails gathering, cleaning, and transporting the flue gas to a pyrolysis reactor where it is used to carbonize and heat biomass. The paper outlined the design of various components, such as the heat exchanger, pyrolysis reactor, and flue gas filter. It specified that the flue gas temperatures in the glass, pulp and paper, and alcohol industries typically range from 400-500°C, 200-500°C, and 150-300°C, respectively. Furthermore, the chemical compositions of these industries were analyzed at the factory. The study emphasized the importance of these design considerations and temperature ranges for efficient operation and optimal performance in the respective industries. The resultant charcoal has several uses and is a sustainable and renewable fuel. In addition, the technique lessens greenhouse gas and flue gas emissions into the atmosphere, protecting the environment and slowing down climate change. The average chemical composition of flue gas from three industries was ascertained, together with the temperature range necessary for pyrolysis and the mechanical layout of the system used to produce charcoal. Upon determining the characteristics of industrial flue gas, the mechanical design of the charcoal production process was incorporated essential components. These include a temporary storage tank, a pyrolysis reactor, and a flue gas filter. This comprehensive design aims to ensure the production of quality charcoal while addressing environmental concerns related to pollution from flue gas treatment. The integration of these components is crucial for optimizing the production process and enhancing environmental sustainability by mitigating the impact of flue gas emissions on the environment. The project report emphasizes the significance of these design considerations in achieving efficient and environmentally friendly charcoal production. The paper also discusses the environmental and economic benefits of using flue gas as an energy source for charcoal production. The paper concludes that this method is a feasible and promising solution for efficient resource utilization and sustainable development.
Abstract: This research suggests a unique way to produce charcoal utilizing industrial flue gas as an energy source. The process entails gathering, cleaning, and transporting the flue gas to a pyrolysis reactor where it is used to carbonize and heat biomass. The paper outlined the design of various components, such as the heat exchanger, pyrolysis reactor, a...
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