Economic Analysis of Insulation of a Broiler Breeding Hall
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
57-60
Received:
3 July 2022
Accepted:
8 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijees.20220704.11
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Views:
Abstract: One of the methods to optimize energy consumption in the broiler industry is to insulate the roof and walls of the poultry hall. Economic analysis of this optimization method guarantees its applicability. Accordingly in this study considers heat loss by considering a sample broiler breeding hall. The roof and its walls are calculated in insulated and uninsulated. Due to heat loss the amount of fuel needed for it, is obtained. The results of this study show that the insulation of this chicken hall in Iran due to the cheapest price of natural gas in the world is not completely economical. In the Iranian broiler industry, about sixty percent of the total annual consumption of natural gas (eight hundred and forty million cubic meters) is related to the heat loss of poultry walls by insulating the roof and walls of poultry halls. This amount of fuel is reduced to two hundred and ten million cubic meters per year. The price of fuel saved due to poultry farming insulation in the whole country, based on the global rate, is equal to two hundred and sixty-five million U.S dollars. If the government pays this amount in the form of grants to subsidize poultry farmers, the industry will not have to burn the same amount annually.
Abstract: One of the methods to optimize energy consumption in the broiler industry is to insulate the roof and walls of the poultry hall. Economic analysis of this optimization method guarantees its applicability. Accordingly in this study considers heat loss by considering a sample broiler breeding hall. The roof and its walls are calculated in insulated a...
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Impacts of Land-Use Changes on Soil Properties, Organic Carbon Stock, and Soil Quality in Ethiopia
Workina Geleta,
Fanuel Laekemariam
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
61-73
Received:
23 June 2022
Accepted:
19 July 2022
Published:
27 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijees.20220704.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: One of the major causes of soil quality degradation and carbon stock degradation is land-use changes (LUC), which are predominantly caused by deforestation and soil disturbance. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess how land-use changes impacted soil properties, soil organic carbon stock and quality in Ethiopia. Relevant information was gathered from secondary sources and systematically reviewed. The physical and chemical qualities of soil were modified by changes in land use change. Physical soil properties such as bulk density (0.3g/cm3) was found to be higher in cultivated land and BD (0.2g/cm3) lowest in the forest lands. The forest lands (8%) have recorded higher soil organic carbon content than grassing land (5.16%) and cultivated land (2.31%). The moisture content and soil texture altered according to land-use change, with clay contents (percent) and silt contents (percent) being higher in forest land (60.7, 5.74%) and lower in cultivated land (33.8, 5.74%). Chemical soil qualities such as exchangeable CEC (percent), CaCO3 (percent), exchangeable K and Na+ (Cmol/kg), and AV. P (mg/kg) were higher in forest land (16mg/kg) lower in grass land (14.27 mg/kg) land and cultivated land (9.13 mg/kg) and TN were higher in forest land (0.24mg/kg) lower in cultivated land (0.14 mg/kg). CEC were higher in forest land (25.5 cmo/kg) and grazing land (24.02 cmol/kg) and lower in agricultural land (15.5cmol/kg). Chemical soil qualities such as exchangeable calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and potassium (K+). Organic carbon, exchangeable potassium (K+), and exchangeable cation capacity (CEC) were all higher in forest lands and lowest in cultivated lands. The highest soil SOCst (9.99 Mg ha-1) value was recorded in forest-to-forest land use changes, and low value of SOCst (5.78 Mg ha-1) was obtained in agriculture land. The lowest SOCst value was in land use changes from agriculture to agriculture. To save Ethiopia's soil, workable land use policy has to be developed. In addition, restoration methods, such as reducing the intensity of cultivation, integrated soil water conservation, integrated soil fertility management, and adequate land use management practices must be implemented.
Abstract: One of the major causes of soil quality degradation and carbon stock degradation is land-use changes (LUC), which are predominantly caused by deforestation and soil disturbance. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess how land-use changes impacted soil properties, soil organic carbon stock and quality in Ethiopia. Relevant informatio...
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